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The Monastery of the Cross ((ヘブライ語:מנזר המצלבה), (グルジア語:ჯვრის მონასტერი), ''jvris monast'eri'') is an Eastern Orthodox monastery near the Nayot neighborhood of Jerusalem, Israel. It is located in the Valley of the Cross, below the Israel Museum and the Knesset. == History == The monastery was built in the eleventh century, during the reign of King Bagrat IV by the Georgian Giorgi-Prokhore of Shavsheti. It is believed that the site was originally consecrated in the fourth century under the instruction of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great, who later gave the site to king Mirian III of Kartli after the conversion of his kingdom to Christianity in 327 AD.〔The Wellspring of Georgian Historiography: The Early Medieval Historical Chronicle The Conversion of Katli and The Life of St. Nino, Constantine B. Lerner, England: Bennett and Bloom, London, 2004, p. 35〕 Legend has it that the monastery was erected on the burial spot of Adam's head—though two other locations in Jerusalem also claim this honor—from which grew the tree that gave its wood to the cross on which Christ was crucified.〔Sylvester Saller & Bellarmino Bagatti, ("The Sanctity and Cult of Lot" ), first published in ''The Town of Nebo (Khirbet el-Mekhayyat). With a Brief Survey of Other Ancient Christian Monuments in Transjordan'', Jerusalem 1949, 5.193-199. Accessed 2008-03-02〕 Due to heavy debt the monastery was sold by the Georgians to the Greeks in 1685.〔(Georgia's new ambassador to Israel bears a heavy cross, Haaretz )〕 It is currently occupied by monks of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem. The remains of the crusader-period monastery forms a small part of the current complex, most of which has undergone restoration and rebuilding. The crusader section houses a church, including a grotto where a window into the ground below allows viewing of the spot where the tree from which the cross was (reputedly) fashioned grew. Remains from the 4th century are sparse, the most important of which is a fragment of a mosaic. The main complex houses living quarters as well as a museum and gift shop. The monastery library houses many Georgian manuscripts. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Monastery of the Cross」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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